Nervous System (General Human Anatomy & Physiology-II)

Nervous System

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UNIT – IV: Nervous, Reproductive & Endocrine Systems

System	Topics Covered
Nervous System	Basic Anatomy of Brain and Spinal Cord Major Types of Cells in Nervous System Neurons Divisions of Nervous System Mechanism of Nerve Impulse
Reproductive System	Male & Female Reproductive Systems Sex Hormones Secondary Sexual Characteristics Spermatogenesis Oogenesis Menstrual Cycle Pregnancy Menopause Contraceptive Measures
Endocrine System	Introduction to Glands and Their Secretions Classification of Glands Endocrine & Exocrine Hormones: Release Secretion Action

 

UNIT – III Cardio Vascular System  Question of

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UNIT – UNIT – III Cardio Vascular System

MCQ with explanation.

MCQ 1: What is the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system?
A. Glial cell
B. Neuron
C. Dendrite
D. Axon
Correct Answer: B. Neuron
Explanation: Neurons are the primary cells that transmit electrical signals throughout the nervous system.

MCQ 2: Which part of the brain is responsible for coordination and balance?
A. Cerebrum
B. Medulla
C. Cerebellum
D. Hypothalamus
Correct Answer: C. Cerebellum
Explanation: The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements and maintains balance and posture.

MCQ 3: What protects the spinal cord?
A. Skull
B. Rib cage
C. Vertebral column
D. Pelvis
Correct Answer: C. Vertebral column
Explanation: The spinal cord is protected by the vertebral column, which encases it in bone.

MCQ 4: What type of cell supports and nourishes neurons?
A. Epithelial cells
B. Glial cells
C. Myocytes
D. Platelets
Correct Answer: B. Glial cells
Explanation: Glial cells provide structural support and nourishment to neurons.

MCQ 5: Which division of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord?
A. Autonomic
B. Somatic
C. Peripheral
D. Central
Correct Answer: D. Central
Explanation: The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord.

MCQ 6: How is a nerve impulse transmitted across a synapse?
A. Through blood
B. Via neurotransmitters
C. By electric wires
D. Through lymph
Correct Answer: B. Via neurotransmitters
Explanation: Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals across the synaptic gap.

MCQ 7: Which gland regulates the entire endocrine system?
A. Adrenal gland
B. Pituitary gland
C. Thyroid gland
D. Pancreas
Correct Answer: B. Pituitary gland
Explanation: The pituitary gland is called the "master gland" because it controls other endocrine glands.

MCQ 8: Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?
A. Adrenaline
B. Insulin
C. Thyroxine
D. Estrogen
Correct Answer: B. Insulin
Explanation: Insulin is secreted by the pancreas and helps lower blood sugar levels.

MCQ 9: What type of gland releases hormones directly into the blood?
A. Endocrine
B. Exocrine
C. Salivary
D. Sebaceous
Correct Answer: A. Endocrine
Explanation: Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream without using ducts.

MCQ 10: Where does spermatogenesis occur?
A. Epididymis
B. Prostate gland
C. Seminal vesicle
D. Testes
Correct Answer: D. Testes
Explanation: Spermatogenesis is the process of sperm production, and it occurs in the testes.

MCQ 11: What is the function of the ovaries in females?
A. Produce insulin
B. Produce eggs and hormones
C. Filter urine
D. Support embryo
Correct Answer: B. Produce eggs and hormones
Explanation: The ovaries release ova (eggs) and secrete female sex hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.

MCQ 12: Which hormone triggers ovulation during the menstrual cycle?
A. FSH
B. LH
C. Estrogen
D. Progesterone
Correct Answer: B. LH
Explanation: Luteinizing hormone (LH) causes the release of a mature egg from the ovary.

MCQ 13: What is the average length of a normal menstrual cycle?
A. 15 days
B. 21 days
C. 28 days
D. 35 days
Correct Answer: C. 28 days
Explanation: A typical menstrual cycle lasts about 28 days, though it can vary from person to person.

MCQ 14: Which hormone is essential for maintaining pregnancy?
A. Testosterone
B. Estrogen
C. Progesterone
D. Oxytocin
Correct Answer: C. Progesterone
Explanation: Progesterone maintains the uterine lining and supports early pregnancy.

MCQ 15: What marks the end of a woman’s reproductive years?
A. Menarche
B. Ovulation
C. Fertilization
D. Menopause
Correct Answer: D. Menopause
Explanation: Menopause marks the cessation of menstrual cycles and the end of fertility.

MCQ 16: What is the main function of testosterone in males?
A. Regulate sugar
B. Increase immunity
C. Develop male secondary sexual characteristics
D. Maintain blood pressure
Correct Answer: C. Develop male secondary sexual characteristics
Explanation: Testosterone is responsible for features like facial hair, deep voice, and muscle development in males.

MCQ 17: Which contraceptive method is hormonal?
A. Condom
B. Copper IUD
C. Birth control pill
D. Diaphragm
Correct Answer: C. Birth control pill
Explanation: Birth control pills contain synthetic hormones to prevent ovulation.

MCQ 18: Which endocrine gland secretes adrenaline?
A. Thyroid
B. Pituitary
C. Adrenal gland
D. Pancreas
Correct Answer: C. Adrenal gland
Explanation: The adrenal medulla secretes adrenaline during stress to prepare the body for 'fight or flight.'

MCQ 19: What is the function of the hypothalamus in hormone regulation?
A. Stores blood
B. Releases oxygen
C. Controls pituitary gland
D. Pumps blood
Correct Answer: C. Controls pituitary gland
Explanation: The hypothalamus links the nervous and endocrine systems and controls the release of pituitary hormones.

MCQ 20: What is oogenesis?
A. Development of male gametes
B. Production of red blood cells
C. Formation of female gametes
D. Release of urine
Correct Answer: C. Formation of female gametes
Explanation: Oogenesis is the process of egg (ovum) formation in the female ovary.