HEMOGLOBIN (Hb%)

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HEMOGLOBIN (Hb%) – MALE

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Method: Automated Hematology Analyzer / Cyanmethemoglobin Method

Parameter	Result	Units	Reference Range	Status
Hemoglobin	14.2	g/dL	13–17	Normal

Clinical Significance

Hemoglobin (Hb) is an iron-containing oxygen transport protein present in red blood cells. It is responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to body tissues and transporting carbon dioxide back to the lungs. Hemoglobin estimation is commonly used for evaluation of anemia, blood loss, nutritional deficiency states, polycythemia, and chronic systemic disorders.

Clinical Interpretation

• Hemoglobin level is within normal male reference range.
• No significant evidence of anemia detected.
• Clinical correlation recommended if symptoms persist.

If Hemoglobin is Abnormal

Low Hemoglobin: May suggest iron deficiency anemia, nutritional deficiency, blood loss, chronic disease, renal disorders, or bone marrow suppression.

High Hemoglobin: May occur in dehydration, smoking, chronic hypoxia, high-altitude exposure, chronic lung disease, or polycythemia.

Note: Hemoglobin values should always be interpreted along with RBC indices, hematocrit, peripheral smear findings, and clinical history. This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

`

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HEMOGLOBIN (Hb%) – FEMALE

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Method: Automated Hematology Analyzer / Cyanmethemoglobin Method

Parameter	Result	Units	Reference Range	Status
Hemoglobin	12.8	g/dL	12–15	Normal

Clinical Significance

Hemoglobin (Hb) is an iron-containing oxygen transport protein present in red blood cells. It is responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to body tissues and transporting carbon dioxide back to the lungs. Hemoglobin estimation is commonly used for evaluation of anemia, blood loss, nutritional deficiency states, polycythemia, and chronic systemic disorders.

Clinical Interpretation

• Hemoglobin level is within normal female reference range.
• No significant evidence of anemia detected.
• Clinical correlation recommended if symptoms persist.

If Hemoglobin is Abnormal

Low Hemoglobin: May suggest iron deficiency anemia, nutritional deficiency, blood loss, chronic disease, renal disorders, or bone marrow suppression.

High Hemoglobin: May occur in dehydration, smoking, chronic hypoxia, high-altitude exposure, chronic lung disease, or polycythemia.

Note: Hemoglobin values should always be interpreted along with RBC indices, hematocrit, peripheral smear findings, and clinical history. This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

`

COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT (CBC) Normal/Abnormal

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COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT (CBC)

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Method: Automated Hematology Analyzer (5-Part Differential) with smear correlation

Parameter	Result	Units	Reference Range	Status
Hemoglobin	13.5	g/dL	M: 13–17 | F: 12–15	Normal
RBC Count	4.8	×10⁶/µL	4.5–5.5	Normal
Hematocrit	42	%	36–50	Normal
MCV	88	fL	80–100	Normal
MCH	29	pg	27–32	Normal
MCHC	34	g/dL	32–36	Normal
RDW	13	%	11.5–14.5	Normal
Total WBC	7800	/µL	4,000–11,000	Normal
Platelets	250000	/µL	150,000–450,000	Normal

Differential Leukocyte Count

Cell Type	Result (%)	Reference Range	Status
Neutrophils	55	40–75%	Normal
Lymphocytes	30	20–45%	Normal
Monocytes	6	2–10%	Normal
Eosinophils	3	1–6%	Normal
Basophils	0.5	0–1%	Normal

Peripheral Blood Smear

RBC: Normocytic normochromic red blood cells.
WBC: Total and differential leukocyte counts are within normal limits.
Platelets: Adequate in number with normal morphology.

Clinical Significance

Complete Blood Count (CBC) is a routine hematological investigation used to evaluate hemoglobin status, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. It assists in screening for anemia, infection, inflammatory disorders, hematological diseases, and platelet abnormalities.

Clinical Interpretation

• Hematological parameters are within normal physiological limits.
• No evidence of anemia, leukocytosis, leukopenia, or platelet abnormality.
• Peripheral smear morphology appears unremarkable.
• Clinical correlation recommended if symptoms persist.

Note: Reference ranges may vary depending on age, gender, hydration status, infection, medications, and laboratory methodology. Clinical correlation is recommended. This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

If Abnormal CBC Test

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COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT (CBC)

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Method: Automated Hematology Analyzer (5-Part Differential) with smear correlation

Parameter	Result	Units	Reference Range	Status
Hemoglobin	8.6	g/dL	M: 13–17 | F: 12–15	Low
RBC Count	3.4	×10⁶/µL	4.5–5.5	Low
Hematocrit	28	%	36–50	Low
MCV	72	fL	80–100	Low
MCH	22	pg	27–32	Low
MCHC	29	g/dL	32–36	Low
RDW	18.5	%	11.5–14.5	High
Total WBC	15,800	/µL	4,000–11,000	High
Platelets	520,000	/µL	150,000–450,000	High

Differential Leukocyte Count

Cell Type	Result (%)	Reference Range	Status
Neutrophils	82	40–75%	High
Lymphocytes	12	20–45%	Low
Monocytes	4	2–10%	Normal
Eosinophils	2	1–6%	Normal
Basophils	0	0–1%	Normal

Peripheral Blood Smear

RBC: Microcytic hypochromic anemia with anisopoikilocytosis.
WBC: Neutrophilic leukocytosis noted. No atypical cells seen.
Platelets: Thrombocytosis present; platelet morphology appears adequate.

Clinical Interpretation

• Moderate microcytic hypochromic anemia suggestive of iron deficiency anemia.
• Neutrophilic leukocytosis likely related to acute infection or inflammatory process.
• Reactive thrombocytosis noted.
• Clinical correlation with iron profile, ferritin, and inflammatory markers is recommended.

Possible Causes

• Iron deficiency anemia
• Acute bacterial infection
• Chronic inflammatory disorders
• Blood loss / gastrointestinal bleeding
• Nutritional deficiency states
• Reactive marrow response

Note: Hematological values should be interpreted in conjunction with clinical findings and relevant biochemical investigations. This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

MALARIAL PARASITE (MP) BY Q.B.C METHOD Malarial parasite detected/Species identified as P. vivax / P. falciparum.

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MALARIAL PARASITE (MP) BY Q.B.C METHOD

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Method: Quantitative Buffy Coat (Q.B.C) Fluorescent Microscopy Method

Parameter	Result	Status
Malarial Parasite	Negative	Normal
Plasmodium Vivax	Not Detected	Normal
Plasmodium Falciparum	Not Detected	Normal

About Q.B.C Test

Q.B.C (Quantitative Buffy Coat) is a rapid fluorescence microscopy technique used for the detection of malarial parasites in peripheral blood samples. This method provides quick and sensitive screening for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections and is commonly used for early malaria diagnosis.

Clinical Interpretation

• No malarial parasite detected in the examined blood sample.
• Findings are suggestive of a negative screening result for malaria.
• Repeat testing may be advised if clinical suspicion persists, especially during early stages of infection or intermittent parasitemia.

Note: A negative result does not completely exclude malaria infection. Repeat examination may be necessary in clinically suspected cases, particularly during low parasitemia or early infection stages. Clinical correlation is strongly recommended. This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

Positive Findings (If Present)

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MALARIAL PARASITE (MP) BY Q.B.C METHOD

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Method: Quantitative Buffy Coat (Q.B.C) Fluorescent Microscopy Method

Parameter	Result	Status
Malarial Parasite	Detected	Positive
Plasmodium Vivax	Detected	Positive
Plasmodium Falciparum	Not Detected	—

About Q.B.C Test

Q.B.C (Quantitative Buffy Coat) is a rapid fluorescence microscopy technique used for detection of malarial parasites in peripheral blood. This method provides sensitive and rapid screening for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections and assists in early laboratory diagnosis of malaria.

Clinical Interpretation

• Malarial parasite detected in the examined blood sample.
• Findings are suggestive of malaria infection due to Plasmodium vivax.
• Correlation with clinical findings, complete blood count, and peripheral smear examination is advised.
• Appropriate antimalarial therapy and clinical follow-up are recommended.

• Fever with chills and rigors
• Sweating and generalized weakness
• Headache and body ache
• Nausea or vomiting
• Anemia or thrombocytopenia may be associated

Note: Positive Q.B.C findings are suggestive of malaria infection. Species confirmation and parasite quantification may be correlated with peripheral smear findings whenever clinically indicated. This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

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MALARIAL PARASITE (MP) BY Q.B.C METHOD

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Method: Quantitative Buffy Coat (Q.B.C) Fluorescent Microscopy Method

Parameter	Result	Status
Malarial Parasite	Detected	Positive
Plasmodium Vivax	Detected	Positive
Plasmodium Falciparum	Detected	Positive

About Q.B.C Test

Q.B.C (Quantitative Buffy Coat) is a rapid fluorescence microscopy technique used for detection of malarial parasites in peripheral blood samples. This method provides sensitive and rapid screening for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum and assists in early laboratory diagnosis of malaria infection.

Clinical Significance

Malaria is a parasitic infection transmitted through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Mixed infection with P. vivax and P. falciparum may be associated with fever, chills, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and systemic complications. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent severe disease, especially in P. falciparum infection.

Clinical Interpretation

• Malarial parasite detected in the examined blood sample.
• Mixed malarial infection identified with Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum.
• Findings are suggestive of active malaria infection.
• Correlation with clinical findings, CBC parameters, and peripheral smear examination is advised.
• Prompt antimalarial therapy and clinical monitoring are recommended.

Possible Clinical Features

• Fever with chills and rigors
• Sweating and generalized weakness
• Headache and body ache
• Nausea or vomiting
• Anemia and thrombocytopenia
• Hepatosplenomegaly in some cases
• Severe falciparum malaria may lead to systemic complications

Note: Positive Q.B.C findings are suggestive of malaria infection. Species confirmation and parasite quantification may be correlated with peripheral smear findings whenever clinically indicated. Early clinical management is advised, particularly in mixed or P. falciparum infections. This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

SERUM PHOSPHORUS Normal/Low/High

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SERUM PHOSPHORUS

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Method: UV Molybdate / Photometric Method

Parameter	Result	Units	Reference Range	Status
Serum Phosphorus	3.8	mg/dL	2.5 – 4.5	Normal

Clinical Significance

Phosphorus plays an important role in bone mineralization, energy metabolism, cell membrane integrity, and acid-base balance. Serum phosphorus levels are closely regulated by the kidneys, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D.

Clinical Interpretation

• Serum phosphorus level is within normal physiological limits.
• No evidence of hypophosphatemia or hyperphosphatemia.
• Clinical correlation advised if renal, endocrine, or metabolic disorders are suspected.

Note: Reference ranges may vary depending on age, diet, renal status, and laboratory methodology. Clinical correlation is recommended. This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

Method: UV Molybdate / Photometric Method

Parameter	Result	Units	Reference Range	Status
Serum Phosphorus	1.9	mg/dL	2.5 – 4.5	Low

Clinical Significance

Phosphorus is essential for bone formation, cellular energy production, muscle and nerve function, and maintenance of acid-base balance. Low serum phosphorus levels (hypophosphatemia) may occur due to poor dietary intake, malabsorption, vitamin D deficiency, alcoholism, hyperparathyroidism, diabetic ketoacidosis recovery, or renal phosphate loss.

Clinical Interpretation

• Serum phosphorus level is below the normal reference range.
• Findings are suggestive of hypophosphatemia.
• Clinical correlation is advised with nutritional status, renal function, vitamin D levels, and parathyroid hormone status.
• Severe or persistent hypophosphatemia may be associated with muscle weakness, bone pain, fatigue, or metabolic disturbances.

Note: Reference ranges may vary depending on age, diet, renal status, and laboratory methodology. Clinical correlation is recommended. This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

Possible Causes of Hypophosphatemia

• Poor dietary intake or malnutrition
• Vitamin D deficiency
• Malabsorption syndromes / chronic diarrhea
• Hyperparathyroidism
• Chronic alcoholism
• Diabetic ketoacidosis recovery phase
• Renal phosphate wasting disorders
• Prolonged antacid use (aluminum/magnesium containing)
• Severe burns or sepsis
• Refeeding syndrome after prolonged starvation

Method: UV Molybdate / Photometric Method

Parameter	Result	Units	Reference Range	Status
Serum Phosphorus	5.8	mg/dL	2.5 – 4.5	High

Clinical Significance

Phosphorus plays an important role in bone mineralization, cellular energy production, muscle function, and acid-base balance. Elevated serum phosphorus levels (hyperphosphatemia) may result from impaired renal excretion, endocrine disorders, excessive phosphate intake, or cellular breakdown. Persistent elevation may contribute to soft tissue and vascular calcification, especially in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Clinical Interpretation

• Serum phosphorus level is above the normal reference range.
• Findings are suggestive of hyperphosphatemia.
• Correlation with renal function tests, calcium levels, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D status is advised.
• Persistent hyperphosphatemia may require further evaluation to identify underlying renal, endocrine, or metabolic causes.

Note: Reference ranges may vary depending on age, diet, renal status, and laboratory methodology. Clinical correlation is recommended. This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

Possible Causes of Hyperphosphatemia

• Chronic kidney disease / renal failure
• Hypoparathyroidism
• Excessive vitamin D therapy or phosphate intake
• Tumor lysis syndrome or rhabdomyolysis
• Metabolic or diabetic ketoacidosis recovery phase
• Hemolysis or severe tissue breakdown
• Certain medications or phosphate-containing laxatives/enemas

Deep Paraspinal Intramuscular Lipoma Back lump ultrasound – dorsal wall lesions

Deep Paraspinal Intramuscular Lipoma – Back Lump (Dorsal Wall Ultrasound)

Deep Musculoskeletal (Paraspinal) Ultrasound Case Study Case Study No: R-22

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Dorsal Wall Ultrasound

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Technique: Real-time ultrasound examination of the posterior lumbar dorsal wall was performed using a high-frequency linear transducer (7–12 MHz), supplemented with a low-frequency curvilinear probe where required for deeper evaluation. Systematic assessment of the paraspinal region was performed in longitudinal and transverse planes. Skin, subcutaneous tissue, paraspinal muscle layers, and deeper soft tissue structures were evaluated.
Clinical indication: Suspected soft tissue lesion

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Skin & Subcutaneous Tissue: Skin thickness appears normal. Subcutaneous tissue shows normal echotexture with no edema or collection.

Muscle Layers: In the posterior lumbar paraspinal region, a well-defined hyperechoic lesion is noted within the deep paraspinal muscle plane (likely involving erector spinae / multifidus group), measuring approximately 4.3 × 2.0 cm.
The lesion demonstrates homogeneous fatty echotexture with fine internal linear echogenic striations, oriented parallel to muscle fibers. No surrounding muscle invasion or architectural distortion is identified. Fascial Planes: Fascial planes appear preserved with no evidence of disruption or fluid tracking. Soft Tissue: No additional focal soft tissue mass, cystic lesion, or abscess is seen. Vascularity: No internal vascularity is noted within the lesion on Doppler evaluation.

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Impression: Well-defined intramuscular hyperechoic lesion within the deep paraspinal muscles, demonstrating characteristic sonographic features of a lipoma.
Features are suggestive of deep paraspinal intramuscular lipoma.

Recommendation: Clinical correlation is advised. MRI may be considered for further evaluation, particularly to assess depth and extent. Follow-up is recommended if symptomatic or showing interval increase in size.

---

Kindly Note:

Limitations / Technical Factors:
Ultrasound evaluation is limited for deep-seated lesions and bony structures.
Clinical correlation and further imaging (MRI / CT) may be required depending on clinical suspicion.

• This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

End of Case Study

You have reached the end of this Deep Paraspinal Intramuscular Lipoma – Back Lump (Dorsal Wall Ultrasound Case Study).

This evaluation was performed using Ultrasonography (USG), enabling real-time assessment of deep musculoskeletal soft tissue structures.

Content is intended for educational, training, and clinical reference purposes only.

Declaration:
I, R. K. Mouj, declare that the material presented in this case study titled “Deep Paraspinal Intramuscular Lipoma – Dorsal Wall (Back Lump) on Ultrasonography (USG)” has been prepared solely for educational and academic purposes. The findings demonstrate a well-defined, hyperechoic lesion located within the deep paraspinal muscle plane (erector spinae / multifidus group) in the posterior lumbar region, consistent with an intramuscular lipoma. The lesion shows homogeneous fatty echotexture with fine internal linear striations, oriented parallel to muscle fibers, with absence of internal vascularity on Doppler imaging. No surrounding soft tissue infiltration or aggressive features are identified. Ultrasonography is a useful, non-invasive modality for evaluating soft tissue masses; however, assessment of deep lesions may be limited, and further imaging such as MRI may be required. These findings are intended for educational and demonstration purposes only. Definitive diagnosis and management require clinical correlation and appropriate medical consultation.

Author: ____________________
Name: R. K. Mouj [Radio-imaging Technologist]
Domain: Diagnostic Sonography & Musculoskeletal Imaging
Modality: Ultrasonography (USG)
Platform: SonoAcademy
Supervisor / Guide: Department Radiologist
Department: Radiology

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© SCRS – Sonographic Classified Reporting System

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Psoas (Posterior Extension) Lipoma Back lump ultrasound – dorsal wall lesions

Psoas Muscle Lipoma (Posterior Extension) – Back Lump (Dorsal Wall Ultrasound)

Deep Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Case Study Case Study No: R-21

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Dorsal Wall Ultrasound

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Technique: Real-time ultrasound examination of the posterior lumbar dorsal wall was performed using a high-frequency linear transducer (7–12 MHz), supplemented with a low-frequency curvilinear probe where required for deeper evaluation. Systematic assessment of the paraspinal and posterior abdominal wall region was performed in longitudinal and transverse planes. Skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle layers, and deeper soft tissue structures were evaluated.
Clinical indication: Suspected soft tissue lesion

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Skin & Subcutaneous Tissue: Skin thickness appears normal. Subcutaneous tissue shows normal echotexture with no edema or collection.

Muscle Layers: In the posterior lumbar paraspinal region, a well-defined hyperechoic lesion is noted, extending into the posterior aspect of the psoas muscle (posterior extension), measuring approximately 4.3 × 2.0 cm.
The lesion demonstrates homogeneous fatty echotexture with fine internal linear striations. No surrounding muscle invasion or architectural distortion is identified. Fascial Planes: Fascial planes appear preserved with no evidence of disruption or fluid tracking. Soft Tissue: No additional focal soft tissue mass, cystic lesion, or abscess is seen. Vascularity: No internal vascularity is noted within the lesion on Doppler evaluation.

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Impression: Well-defined hyperechoic lesion involving the posterior extension of the psoas muscle, showing sonographic features suggestive of a lipoma.
Features are suggestive of intramuscular (psoas muscle) lipoma.

Recommendation: Clinical correlation is advised. Due to deep location and limited ultrasound evaluation, MRI is recommended for further characterization and extent assessment. Follow-up is advised if symptomatic or increasing in size.

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Kindly Note:

Limitations / Technical Factors:
Ultrasound evaluation is limited for deep-seated lesions and bony structures.
Clinical correlation and further imaging (MRI / CT) may be required depending on clinical suspicion.

• This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

End of Case Study

You have reached the end of this Levator Scapulae Muscle Lipoma – Back Lump (Dorsal Wall Ultrasound Case Study).

This evaluation was performed using Ultrasonography (USG), allowing real-time assessment of superficial and deep musculoskeletal soft tissue structures.

Content is intended for educational, training, and clinical reference purposes only.

Declaration:
I, R. K. Mouj, declare that the material presented in this case study titled “Levator Scapulae Muscle Lipoma – Dorsal Wall (Back Lump) on Ultrasonography (USG)” has been prepared solely for educational and academic purposes. The findings demonstrate a well-defined, hyperechoic lesion located within the intramuscular plane of the levator scapulae muscle, extending from the upper cervical region to the superior angle of the scapula, deep to the trapezius muscle, consistent with an intramuscular lipoma. The lesion shows homogeneous fatty echotexture with fine internal linear striations, oriented parallel to muscle fibers, with absence of internal vascularity on Doppler imaging. No surrounding soft tissue infiltration or aggressive features are identified. Ultrasonography is a reliable, non-invasive modality for evaluating both superficial and deep soft tissue masses, aiding in differentiation of benign lesions such as lipoma from other pathological conditions. These findings are intended for educational and demonstration purposes only. Definitive diagnosis and management require clinical correlation and appropriate medical consultation.

Author: ____________________
Name: R. K. Mouj [Radio-imaging Technologist]
Domain: Diagnostic Sonography & Musculoskeletal Imaging
Modality: Ultrasonography (USG)
Platform: SonoAcademy
Supervisor / Guide: Department Radiologist
Department: Radiology

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© SCRS – Sonographic Classified Reporting System

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Levator Scapulae Muscle Lipoma Back lump ultrasound – dorsal wall lesions

Levator Scapulae Muscle Lipoma – Back Lump (Dorsal Wall Ultrasound)

Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Case Study Case Study No: R-20

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Dorsal Wall Ultrasound

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Technique: Real-time ultrasound examination of the dorsal wall was performed using a high-frequency linear transducer (7–12 MHz). Systematic evaluation of the posterior cervical and upper thoracic region was carried out in longitudinal and transverse planes. Skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle layers, and underlying soft tissue structures were assessed.
Clinical indication: Suspected soft tissue lesion

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Skin & Subcutaneous Tissue: Skin thickness appears normal. Subcutaneous tissue shows normal echotexture with no edema or collection.

Normal Levator Scapulae Muscle

Muscle Layers: In the upper medial scapular region, extending from the cervical region to the superior angle of the scapula, a well-defined hyperechoic lesion is noted within the levator scapulae muscle plane (deep to trapezius), measuring approximately 4.3 × 2.0 cm.
The lesion demonstrates homogeneous fatty echotexture with fine linear echogenic striations, aligned parallel to muscle fibers. No adjacent muscle infiltration or architectural distortion is seen.
Fascial Planes: Fascial layers are intact with no evidence of fluid tracking or disruption. Soft Tissue: No additional focal soft tissue mass, cystic lesion, or abscess is seen. Vascularity: No internal vascularity is noted within the lesion on Doppler evaluation.

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Impression: Well-defined intramuscular hyperechoic lesion within the levator scapulae muscle, demonstrating characteristic sonographic features of a lipoma.
Features are suggestive of intramuscular (levator scapulae muscle) lipoma.

Recommendation: Clinical correlation is advised. MRI may be considered for further evaluation if required. Follow-up is recommended if symptomatic or showing interval increase in size.

---

Kindly Note:

Limitations / Technical Factors:
Ultrasound evaluation is limited for deep-seated lesions and bony structures.
Clinical correlation and further imaging (MRI / CT) may be required depending on clinical suspicion.

• This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

End of Case Study

You have reached the end of this Levator Scapulae Muscle Lipoma – Back Lump (Dorsal Wall Ultrasound Case Study).

This evaluation was performed using Ultrasonography (USG), allowing real-time assessment of superficial and deep musculoskeletal soft tissue structures.

Content is intended for educational, training, and clinical reference only.

Declaration:
I, R. K. Mouj, declare that the material presented in this case study titled “Levator Scapulae Muscle Lipoma – Dorsal Wall (Back Lump) on Ultrasonography (USG)” has been prepared solely for educational and academic purposes. The findings demonstrate a well-defined, hyperechoic lesion located within the intramuscular plane of the levator scapulae muscle, typically extending from the upper cervical region to the superior angle of the scapula, deep to the trapezius muscle, consistent with an intramuscular lipoma. The lesion shows homogeneous fatty echotexture with fine internal linear striations, oriented parallel to muscle fibers, with absence of internal vascularity on Doppler imaging. No surrounding soft tissue infiltration or aggressive features are identified. Ultrasonography is a reliable, non-invasive modality for evaluating both superficial and deep soft tissue masses, aiding in differentiation of benign lesions such as lipoma from other pathological conditions. These findings are intended for educational and demonstration purposes only. Definitive diagnosis and management require clinical correlation and appropriate medical consultation.

Author: ____________________
Name: R. K. Mouj [Radio-imaging Technologist]
Domain: Diagnostic Sonography & Musculoskeletal Imaging
Modality: Ultrasonography (USG)
Platform: SonoAcademy
Supervisor / Guide: Department Radiologist
Department: Radiology

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© SCRS – Sonographic Classified Reporting System

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Rhomboid Major / Minor Muscle Lipoma Back lump ultrasound – dorsal wall lesions

Rhomboid Major / Minor Muscle Lipoma Back lump ultrasound – dorsal wall lesions

Case Study No: R-19

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Dorsal Wall Ultrasound

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Technique: Real-time ultrasound examination of the dorsal wall was performed using a high-frequency linear transducer (7–12 MHz). Systematic evaluation of the posterior thoraco-lumbar region was carried out in longitudinal and transverse planes. Skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle layers, and underlying soft tissue structures were assessed.
Clinical indication: Suspected soft tissue lesion

---

Skin & Subcutaneous Tissue: Skin thickness appears normal. Subcutaneous tissue shows normal echotexture with no edema or collection.

Muscle Layers: In the right upper dorsal region, between the medial border of the scapula and spine, a well-defined hyperechoic lesion is noted within the rhomboid muscle plane (deep to trapezius), measuring approximately 4.3 × 2.0 cm.
The lesion demonstrates homogeneous fatty echotexture with linear echogenic striations. No adjacent muscle infiltration or structural distortion is seen.
Fascial Planes: Fascial layers are intact with no evidence of fluid tracking or disruption. Soft Tissue: No additional focal soft tissue mass, cystic lesion, or abscess is seen. Vascularity: No internal vascularity is noted within the lesion on Doppler evaluation.

---

Impression: Well-defined intramuscular hyperechoic lesion within the rhomboid muscles, showing characteristic sonographic features of a lipoma.
Features are suggestive of intramuscular (rhomboid major/minor muscle) lipoma.

Recommendation: Clinical correlation is advised. MRI may be considered for further evaluation if required. Follow-up is recommended if symptomatic or showing interval increase in size.

---

Kindly Note:

Limitations / Technical Factors:
Ultrasound evaluation is limited for deep-seated lesions and bony structures.
Clinical correlation and further imaging (MRI / CT) may be required depending on clinical suspicion.
• This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

End of Case Study

You have reached the end of this Rhomboid Muscle Lipoma – Back Lump (Dorsal Wall Ultrasound Case Study).

This evaluation was performed using Ultrasonography (USG), enabling detailed real-time assessment of deep soft tissue structures.

Content is intended for educational, training, and clinical reference purposes only.

Declaration:
I, R. K. Mouj, declare that the material presented in this case study titled “Rhomboid Major / Minor Muscle Lipoma – Dorsal Wall (Back Lump) on Ultrasonography (USG)” has been prepared solely for educational and academic purposes. The findings demonstrate a well-defined, hyperechoic lesion located within the intramuscular plane of the rhomboid major/minor muscles, in the upper dorsal region between the medial border of the scapula and the vertebral column, consistent with an intramuscular lipoma. The lesion typically exhibits homogeneous fatty echotexture with fine internal linear striations, maintains orientation parallel to muscle fibers, and shows no internal vascularity on Doppler evaluation. There is no evidence of surrounding soft tissue invasion or aggressive features. Ultrasonography serves as an effective, non-invasive modality for evaluating both superficial and deep soft tissue masses, aiding in differentiation of benign entities such as lipoma from other pathological lesions. These findings are intended for educational demonstration only. Final diagnosis and clinical management should be based on comprehensive clinical correlation and further evaluation if required.

Author: ____________________
Name: R. K. Mouj [Radio-imaging Technologist]
Domain: Diagnostic Sonography & Musculoskeletal Imaging
Modality: Ultrasonography (USG)
Platform: SonoAcademy
Supervisor / Guide: Department Radiologist
Department: Radiology

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© SCRS – Sonographic Classified Reporting System

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Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Lipoma Back lump ultrasound – dorsal wall lesions

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Lipoma Back lump ultrasound – dorsal wall lesions

Case Study No: R-18

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Dorsal Wall Ultrasound

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Technique: Real-time ultrasound examination of the dorsal wall was performed using a high-frequency linear transducer (7–12 MHz). Systematic evaluation of the posterior thoraco-lumbar region was carried out in longitudinal and transverse planes. Skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle layers, and underlying soft tissue structures were assessed.
Clinical indication: Back swelling

---

Skin & Subcutaneous Tissue: Skin thickness appears normal. Subcutaneous tissue shows normal echotexture with no edema or collection.

Muscle Layers: A well-defined hyperechoic lesion is noted within the latissimus dorsi muscle plane, measuring approximately 5.6 × 2.8 cm. The lesion demonstrates fatty echotexture with linear echogenic striations. No invasion of adjacent structures or muscle disruption is seen.
Fascial Planes: Fascial layers are intact with no evidence of fluid tracking or disruption. Soft Tissue: No additional focal soft tissue mass, cystic lesion, or abscess is seen. Vascularity: No internal vascularity is observed within the lesion on Doppler evaluation.

---

Impression: Features are suggestive of intramuscular (latissimus dorsi muscle) lipoma.

Recommendation: Clinical correlation is advised. MRI may be considered for further evaluation of extent and confirmation. Follow-up is recommended if symptomatic or showing interval increase in size.

---

Kindly Note:

Limitations / Technical Factors:
Ultrasound evaluation is limited for deep-seated lesions and bony structures.
Clinical correlation and further imaging (MRI / CT) may be required depending on clinical suspicion.
• This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

End of Case Study

You have reached the end of this Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Lipoma – Back Lump (Dorsal Wall Ultrasound Case Study).

This evaluation was performed using Ultrasonography (USG), enabling real-time assessment of deep musculoskeletal soft tissue structures.

Content is intended for educational, training, and clinical reference purposes only.

Declaration:
I, R. K. Mouj, declare that the material presented in this case study titled “Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Lipoma – Dorsal Wall (Back Lump) on Ultrasonography (USG)” has been prepared solely for educational and academic purposes. The findings demonstrate a well-defined, hyperechoic lesion located within the intramuscular plane of the latissimus dorsi muscle, typically along the posterolateral aspect of the dorsal thoracic wall, consistent with an intramuscular lipoma. The lesion shows homogeneous fatty echotexture with fine internal linear striations, aligned parallel to the surrounding muscle fibers. No internal vascularity is observed on Doppler imaging, and there are no features suggestive of invasion into adjacent structures. Ultrasonography is a reliable, non-invasive imaging modality for evaluating deep soft tissue lesions, particularly useful in distinguishing benign fatty tumors from other soft tissue pathologies. These findings are intended for educational demonstration only. Definitive diagnosis and clinical management should be based on appropriate clinical correlation and further imaging if indicated.

Author: ____________________
Name: R. K. Mouj [Radio-imaging Technologist]
Domain: Diagnostic Sonography & Musculoskeletal Imaging
Modality: Ultrasonography (USG)
Platform: SonoAcademy
Supervisor / Guide: Department Radiologist
Department: Radiology

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© SCRS – Sonographic Classified Reporting System

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Trapezius Muscle Lipoma Back lump ultrasound – dorsal wall lesions

Trapezius Muscle Lipoma Back lump ultrasound – dorsal wall lesions

Case Study No: R-17

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Dorsal Wall Ultrasound

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Technique: Real-time ultrasound examination of the dorsal wall was performed using a high-frequency linear transducer (7–12 MHz). Systematic evaluation of the posterior thoraco-lumbar region was carried out in longitudinal and transverse planes. Skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle layers, and underlying soft tissue structures were assessed.
Clinical indication: Suspected soft tissue lesion

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Skin & Subcutaneous Tissue: Skin thickness appears normal. Subcutaneous tissue shows normal echotexture with no edema or collection.

Muscle Layers: A well-defined hyperechoic lesion is noted within the trapezius muscle plane, measuring approximately 4.8 × 2.3 cm. The lesion demonstrates linear echogenic striations aligned parallel to muscle fibers. No surrounding infiltration or muscle disruption is seen.
Fascial Planes: Fascial layers are intact with no evidence of fluid tracking or disruption. Soft Tissue: No additional focal soft tissue mass, cystic lesion, or abscess is seen. Vascularity: No internal vascularity is noted within the lesion on Doppler evaluation.

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Impression: Well-defined intramuscular hyperechoic lesion within the trapezius muscle, showing characteristic sonographic features of a lipoma.
Features are suggestive of intramuscular (trapezius muscle) lipoma.

Recommendation: Clinical correlation is advised. MRI may be considered for further characterization and confirmation. Follow-up is recommended if the lesion is symptomatic or shows interval increase in size.

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Kindly Note:

Limitations / Technical Factors:
Ultrasound evaluation is limited for deep-seated lesions and bony structures.
Clinical correlation and further imaging (MRI / CT) may be required depending on clinical suspicion.
• This report is not valid for medico-legal purposes.

End of Case Study

You have reached the end of this Trapezius Muscle Lipoma – Back Lump (Dorsal Wall Ultrasound Case Study).

This evaluation was performed using Ultrasonography (USG), allowing real-time assessment of superficial and intramuscular soft tissue structures.

Content is intended for educational, training, and clinical reference purposes only.

Declaration:
I, R. K. Mouj, declare that the material presented in this case study titled “Trapezius Muscle Lipoma – Dorsal Wall (Back Lump) on Ultrasonography (USG)” has been prepared solely for educational and academic purposes. The findings demonstrate a well-defined, hyperechoic lesion located within the intramuscular plane of the trapezius muscle, typically in the upper posterior dorsal region extending from the cervical to upper thoracic level, consistent with an intramuscular lipoma. The lesion exhibits homogeneous fatty echotexture with internal linear striations, oriented parallel to the surrounding muscle fibers. No internal vascularity is noted on Doppler imaging, and there is no evidence of infiltration into adjacent soft tissues. Ultrasonography is an effective, non-invasive modality for evaluating superficial and deep musculoskeletal lesions, aiding in differentiation of benign fatty tumors such as lipoma from other soft tissue pathologies. These findings are intended for educational demonstration only. Final diagnosis and management should be based on clinical correlation and further imaging if required.

Author: ____________________
Name: R. K. Mouj [Radio-imaging Technologist]
Domain: Diagnostic Sonography & Musculoskeletal Imaging
Modality: Ultrasonography (USG)
Platform: SonoAcademy
Supervisor / Guide: Department Radiologist
Department: Radiology

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© SCRS – Sonographic Classified Reporting System

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