General Human Anatomy & Physiology-II Question of
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A. Liver
B. Pancreas
C. Kidney
D. Small intestine
Correct Answer: C. Kidney
Explanation: The kidney is part of the excretory system, not the digestive system. It filters blood to form urine. The liver, pancreas, and small intestine are all involved in digestion.
MCQ 2: Which of the following is not a pancreatic enzyme?
A. Trypsin
B. Amylase
C. Pepsin
D. Lipase
Correct Answer: C. Pepsin
Explanation: Pepsin is produced in the stomach, not the pancreas. The pancreas produces trypsin (proteins), amylase (carbohydrates), and lipase (fats).
MCQ 3: What is the main constituent of urine?
A. Glucose
B. Urea
C. Protein
D. Bile
Correct Answer: B. Urea
Explanation: Urea is the major nitrogenous waste product in urine, formed from the breakdown of proteins in the liver.
MCQ 4: Urine is stored in:
A. Ureter
B. Kidney
C. Urethra
D. Urinary bladder
Correct Answer: D. Urinary bladder
Explanation: The urinary bladder stores urine until it is expelled from the body through the urethra.
MCQ 5: What is the main function of bile in digestion?
A. Digest proteins
B. Neutralize stomach acid
C. Emulsify fats
D. Absorb glucose
Correct Answer: C. Emulsify fats
Explanation: Bile breaks down large fat droplets into smaller ones (emulsification), aiding in fat digestion.
MCQ 6: Which part of the nephron does most of the reabsorption of water occur?
A. Bowman's capsule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Proximal convoluted tubule
Correct Answer: D. Proximal convoluted tubule
Explanation: The proximal tubule reabsorbs the majority of filtered water, salts, and nutrients.
MCQ 7: Digestion of food starts from:
A. Stomach
B. Small intestine
C. Mouth
D. Esophagus
Correct Answer: C. Mouth
Explanation: Digestion begins in the mouth with chewing and the action of salivary amylase on carbohydrates.
MCQ 8: Which organ absorbs water from food?
A. Stomach
B. Small intestine
C. Large intestine
D. Esophagus
Correct Answer: C. Large intestine
Explanation: The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes from indigestible food matter.
MCQ 9: Which of the following is not a part of the small intestine?
A. Duodenum
B. Jejunum
C. Ileum
D. Colon
Correct Answer: D. Colon
Explanation: The colon is part of the large intestine, not the small intestine.
MCQ 10: ADH primarily affects which part of the nephron to regulate water reabsorption?
A. Bowman's capsule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: D. Collecting duct
Explanation: ADH increases the permeability of the collecting duct to water, enhancing water reabsorption.
MCQ 11: Which part of the digestive system is responsible for absorbing most of the nutrients?
A. Stomach
B. Small intestine
C. Large intestine
D. Liver
Correct Answer: B. Small intestine
Explanation: The small intestine (especially jejunum and ileum) absorbs most nutrients from digested food.
MCQ 12: Protein is digested by which enzymes?
A. Amylase and Lipase
B. Pepsin and Trypsin
C. Maltase and Sucrase
D. Lactase and Peptidase
Correct Answer: B. Pepsin and Trypsin
Explanation: Pepsin (from the stomach) and trypsin (from the pancreas) break down proteins into peptides.
MCQ 13: Which is not a step in urine formation in the nephron?
A. Filtration
B. Reabsorption
C. Secretion
D. Evaporation
Correct Answer: D. Evaporation
Explanation: Evaporation is not involved in urine formation. The process involves filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
MCQ 14: What is the role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
A. Absorb proteins
B. Neutralize enzymes
C. Kill bacteria and activate pepsin
D. Emulsify fats
Correct Answer: C. Kill bacteria and activate pepsin
Explanation: HCl creates an acidic environment that activates pepsinogen into pepsin and kills pathogens.
MCQ 15: What is the function of villi in the small intestine?
A. Produce bile
B. Absorb nutrients
C. Store waste
D. Digest proteins
Correct Answer: B. Absorb nutrients
Explanation: Villi increase surface area in the small intestine, aiding in the absorption of nutrients.
MCQ 16: Which organ filters wastes from the blood?
A. Liver
B. Kidney
C. Lungs
D. Bladder
Correct Answer: B. Kidney
Explanation: Kidneys filter waste, excess salts, and water from the blood to form urine.
MCQ 17: What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A. Neuron
B. Nephron
C. Alveolus
D. Tubule
Correct Answer: B. Nephron
Explanation: The nephron is the microscopic structural and functional unit of the kidney.
MCQ 18: Which hormone increases water reabsorption in collecting ducts?
A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
C. Renin
D. Insulin
Correct Answer: B. ADH
Explanation: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) makes collecting ducts more permeable to water, conserving body water.
MCQ 19: Which organ carries urine from kidneys to the bladder?
A. Urethra
B. Nephron
C. Ureter
D. Renal artery
Correct Answer: C. Ureter
Explanation: Ureters are tubes that transport urine from each kidney to the bladder.
MCQ 20: Which hormone stimulates the production of pancreatic juice and bicarbonate?
A. Gastrin
B. Secretin
C. Insulin
D. Pepsin
Correct Answer: B. Secretin
Explanation: Secretin is released in response to acidic chyme and stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate-rich fluid.
MCQ 21: Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?
A. Femur
B. Humerus
C. Sternum
D. Pelvis
Correct Answer: C. Sternum
Explanation: The sternum (breastbone) is part of the axial skeleton, which includes the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage.
MCQ 22: Which type of bone cell is responsible for breaking down bone tissue?
A. Osteoblast
B. Osteocyte
C. Osteoclast
D. Chondrocyte
Correct Answer: C. Osteoclast
Explanation: Osteoclasts break down bone tissue during bone resorption and remodeling.
MCQ 23: What is the outer layer of a bone called?
A. Periosteum
B. Endosteum
C. Marrow
D. Cartilage
Correct Answer: A. Periosteum
Explanation: The periosteum is a dense membrane covering the outer surface of bones except at the joints.
MCQ 24: Which of the following is a fibrous joint?
A. Skull suture
B. Knee
C. Shoulder
D. Elbow
Correct Answer: A. Skull suture
Explanation: Skull sutures are immovable fibrous joints found between bones of the skull.
MCQ 25: Which joint type allows rotation around a single axis?
A. Ball and socket
B. Saddle
C. Hinge
D. Pivot
Correct Answer: D. Pivot
Explanation: Pivot joints, such as the joint between the atlas and axis vertebrae, allow rotational movement.
MCQ 26: Which bone protects the brain?
A. Sternum
B. Femur
C. Cranium
D. Scapula
Correct Answer: C. Cranium
Explanation: The cranium (part of the skull) protects the brain.
MCQ 27: What initiates muscle contraction at the neuromuscular junction?
A. Calcium
B. Sodium
C. Acetylcholine
D. Potassium
Correct Answer: C. Acetylcholine
Explanation: Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction to initiate muscle contraction.
MCQ 28: Which connective tissue connects muscles to bones?
A. Ligaments
B. Cartilage
C. Tendons
D. Fascia
Correct Answer: C. Tendons
Explanation: Tendons attach muscles to bones and transmit the force needed for movement.
MCQ 29: Which muscle tissue is involuntary and found in the walls of internal organs?
A. Skeletal muscle
B. Smooth muscle
C. Cardiac muscle
D. Voluntary muscle
Correct Answer: B. Smooth muscle
Explanation: Smooth muscle is involuntary and found in walls of internal organs such as the stomach and intestines.
MCQ 30: Which protein blocks the myosin-binding sites on actin in a resting muscle?
A. Troponin
B. Tropomyosin
C. Myoglobin
D. Creatine
Correct Answer: B. Tropomyosin
Explanation: Tropomyosin covers the binding sites on actin filaments and prevents muscle contraction when the muscle is at rest.
MCQ 31: Which part of the skeleton includes the limbs?
A. Axial skeleton
B. Appendicular skeleton
C. Vertebral column
D. Skull
Correct Answer: B. Appendicular skeleton
Explanation: The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the limbs and girdles (shoulder and pelvic).
MCQ 32: Which bone is the longest in the human body?
A. Humerus
B. Tibia
C. Femur
D. Radius
Correct Answer: C. Femur
Explanation: The femur, or thigh bone, is the longest and strongest bone in the human body.
MCQ 33: What type of joint is found in the shoulder and hip?
A. Hinge
B. Ball and socket
C. Pivot
D. Gliding
Correct Answer: B. Ball and socket
Explanation: Ball and socket joints allow movement in multiple directions and are found in the shoulder and hip.
MCQ 34: Which structure stores calcium in a muscle cell?
A. Sarcolemma
B. Myofibril
C. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
D. T-tubule
Correct Answer: C. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores calcium ions, which are essential for muscle contraction.
MCQ 35: Which muscle type has striations and is under voluntary control?
A. Smooth
B. Skeletal
C. Cardiac
D. Involuntary
Correct Answer: B. Skeletal
Explanation: Skeletal muscle is striated and controlled voluntarily.
MCQ 36: What is the functional unit of a skeletal muscle fiber?
A. Myofibril
B. Sarcomere
C. Fascicle
D. Actin
Correct Answer: B. Sarcomere
Explanation: The sarcomere is the basic contractile unit of muscle fiber, composed of actin and myosin filaments.
MCQ 37: What connects two bones at a joint?
A. Tendon
B. Ligament
C. Cartilage
D. Fascia
Correct Answer: B. Ligament
Explanation: Ligaments are fibrous tissues that connect bones at joints and help stabilize them.
MCQ 38: What causes the 'lub-dub' sound in the heart, often confused with muscles?
A. Contraction of muscles
B. Opening of valves
C. Closing of valves
D. Movement of blood
Correct Answer: C. Closing of valves
Explanation: Though related to the cardiovascular system, the heart sound is due to the closing of valves—not muscles.
MCQ 39: Which joint provides the least range of motion?
A. Hinge joint
B. Ball and socket
C. Fibrous joint
D. Gliding joint
Correct Answer: C. Fibrous joint
Explanation: Fibrous joints (like skull sutures) are immovable and provide minimal range of motion.
MCQ 40: Which part of the bone contains red bone marrow?
A. Compact bone
B. Yellow marrow
C. Periosteum
D. Spongy bone
Correct Answer: D. Spongy bone
Explanation: Spongy bone, found at the ends of long bones and inside flat bones, contains red marrow where blood cells are produced.
MCQ 41: Which of the following is the first part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract?
A. Stomach
B. Esophagus
C. Small intestine
D. Mouth
Correct Answer: D. Mouth
Explanation: The mouth is the entry point of the GI tract where mechanical and chemical digestion begins.
MCQ 42: What is the function of the esophagus?
A. Absorption of nutrients
B. Digestion of fats
C. Transport of food to the stomach
D. Secretion of enzymes
Correct Answer: C. Transport of food to the stomach
Explanation: The esophagus is a muscular tube that propels food from the mouth to the stomach via peristalsis.
MCQ 43: Which of the following organs secretes bile?
A. Stomach
B. Liver
C. Pancreas
D. Gall bladder
Correct Answer: B. Liver
Explanation: The liver produces bile, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats.
MCQ 44: Which part of the small intestine is responsible for most nutrient absorption?
A. Duodenum
B. Jejunum
C. Ileum
D. Cecum
Correct Answer: B. Jejunum
Explanation: The jejunum has a highly folded surface area with villi and microvilli to maximize absorption of nutrients.
MCQ 45: What is the primary role of the large intestine?
A. Protein digestion
B. Fat absorption
C. Water and electrolyte absorption
D. Enzyme secretion
Correct Answer: C. Water and electrolyte absorption
Explanation: The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes and compacts fecal material.
MCQ 46: Which enzyme breaks down starch into maltose?
A. Lipase
B. Pepsin
C. Amylase
D. Trypsin
Correct Answer: C. Amylase
Explanation: Amylase, found in saliva and pancreatic juice, digests starch into maltose.
MCQ 47: What is the main function of the gall bladder?
A. Produces insulin
B. Filters toxins
C. Stores and concentrates bile
D. Produces digestive enzymes
Correct Answer: C. Stores and concentrates bile
Explanation: The gall bladder stores bile from the liver and releases it into the duodenum during digestion.
MCQ 48: Which organ secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine?
A. Liver
B. Stomach
C. Pancreas
D. Esophagus
Correct Answer: C. Pancreas
Explanation: The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum that aid in digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
MCQ 49: Which digestive enzyme is secreted by the stomach?
A. Pepsin
B. Lipase
C. Trypsin
D. Amylase
Correct Answer: A. Pepsin
Explanation: Pepsin is a proteolytic enzyme secreted in the stomach that digests proteins.
MCQ 50: Which structure prevents food from entering the windpipe?
A. Uvula
B. Epiglottis
C. Pharynx
D. Larynx
Correct Answer: B. Epiglottis
Explanation: The epiglottis is a flap that closes over the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway.
MCQ 51: What is the primary structural and functional unit of the kidney?
A. Glomerulus
B. Nephron
C. Ureter
D. Renal pelvis
Correct Answer: B. Nephron
Explanation: The nephron is the microscopic structure in the kidney that filters blood and forms urine.
MCQ 52: Where does glomerular filtration occur?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Glomerulus
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: C. Glomerulus
Explanation: Glomerular filtration takes place in the glomerulus, where blood plasma is filtered into the Bowman's capsule.
MCQ 53: Which part of the nephron reabsorbs the majority of filtered nutrients and water?
A. Collecting duct
B. Distal tubule
C. Proximal convoluted tubule
D. Loop of Henle
Correct Answer: C. Proximal convoluted tubule
Explanation: Most reabsorption of water, glucose, and electrolytes occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule.
MCQ 54: What is the function of the Loop of Henle?
A. Filtration of blood
B. Secretion of urine
C. Concentration of urine
D. Bile formation
Correct Answer: C. Concentration of urine
Explanation: The Loop of Henle creates a concentration gradient in the medulla to enable water reabsorption and urine concentration.
MCQ 55: Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the kidneys?
A. Aldosterone
B. Insulin
C. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
D. Cortisol
Correct Answer: C. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Explanation: ADH increases water reabsorption in the collecting ducts, reducing urine output.
MCQ 56: What is the primary waste product excreted in urine?
A. Glucose
B. Urea
C. Creatine
D. Bile
Correct Answer: B. Urea
Explanation: Urea is the main nitrogenous waste product formed from protein metabolism and excreted in urine.
MCQ 57: Which vessel brings blood into the glomerulus for filtration?
A. Renal vein
B. Efferent arteriole
C. Afferent arteriole
D. Ureter
Correct Answer: C. Afferent arteriole
Explanation: The afferent arteriole brings blood to the glomerulus where filtration begins.
MCQ 58: Which of the following is NOT part of the excretory system?
A. Ureter
B. Bladder
C. Large intestine
D. Urethra
Correct Answer: C. Large intestine
Explanation: The large intestine belongs to the digestive system and is not involved in urine formation or excretion.
MCQ 59: Where is urine stored before excretion?
A. Kidney
B. Ureter
C. Bladder
D. Urethra
Correct Answer: C. Bladder
Explanation: The urinary bladder temporarily stores urine before it is excreted through the urethra.
MCQ 60: What is the function of the urethra?
A. Produces urine
B. Transports urine from kidneys
C. Stores urine
D. Conducts urine outside the body
Correct Answer: D. Conducts urine outside the body
Explanation: The urethra is a tube that transports urine from the bladder to the outside of the body during urination.
MCQ 61: What is the primary function of the heart?
A. Produce red blood cells
B. Filter blood
C. Pump blood throughout the body
D. Digest nutrients
Correct Answer: C. Pump blood throughout the body
Explanation: The heart is a muscular organ responsible for pumping blood through the circulatory system.
MCQ 62: Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
A. Right atrium
B. Left atrium
C. Right ventricle
D. Left ventricle
Correct Answer: A. Right atrium
Explanation: The right atrium receives oxygen-poor blood from the body via the superior and inferior vena cava.
MCQ 63: Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
A. Veins
B. Arteries
C. Capillaries
D. Venules
Correct Answer: B. Arteries
Explanation: Arteries are thick-walled blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart (except pulmonary artery).
MCQ 64: Which valve prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium?
A. Tricuspid valve
B. Pulmonary valve
C. Mitral valve
D. Aortic valve
Correct Answer: C. Mitral valve
Explanation: The mitral (bicuspid) valve ensures one-way blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle.
MCQ 65: What is the function of the SA node in the heart?
A. Contracts the ventricles
B. Initiates heartbeat
C. Circulates blood
D. Filters blood
Correct Answer: B. Initiates heartbeat
Explanation: The sinoatrial (SA) node is the natural pacemaker of the heart that generates electrical impulses.
MCQ 66: Which part of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
A. Right atrium
B. Left atrium
C. Right ventricle
D. Left ventricle
Correct Answer: C. Right ventricle
Explanation: The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary artery toward the lungs.
MCQ 67: What is the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle called?
A. Diastole
B. Systole
C. Resting phase
D. Filtration
Correct Answer: B. Systole
Explanation: Systole is when the heart muscles contract to pump blood into the arteries.
MCQ 68: What causes the 'lub-dub' sounds of the heart?
A. Contraction of myocardium
B. Opening of valves
C. Closure of heart valves
D. Blood turbulence
Correct Answer: C. Closure of heart valves
Explanation: The "lub" is caused by AV valves closing; the "dub" by semilunar valves closing.
MCQ 69: What is the normal blood pressure reading for an adult?
A. 160/100 mmHg
B. 120/80 mmHg
C. 140/90 mmHg
D. 100/60 mmHg
Correct Answer: B. 120/80 mmHg
Explanation: 120/80 mmHg is considered normal for a healthy adult.
MCQ 70: Which blood vessels allow gas and nutrient exchange with tissues?
A. Arteries
B. Veins
C. Capillaries
D. Venules
Correct Answer: C. Capillaries
Explanation: Capillaries are tiny vessels where exchange of oxygen, CO₂, and nutrients occurs.
MCQ 71: What is the main organ of the respiratory system?
A. Trachea
B. Lungs
C. Diaphragm
D. Bronchi
Correct Answer: B. Lungs
Explanation: The lungs are the primary site of gas exchange during respiration.
MCQ 72: What is the primary muscle involved in breathing?
A. Intercostal muscles
B. Diaphragm
C. Rectus abdominis
D. Pectoral muscle
Correct Answer: B. Diaphragm
Explanation: The diaphragm contracts and flattens to expand the chest cavity during inhalation.
MCQ 73: Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?
A. Bronchi
B. Bronchioles
C. Alveoli
D. Trachea
Correct Answer: C. Alveoli
Explanation: Alveoli are tiny air sacs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.
MCQ 74: Which brain region regulates breathing?
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla oblongata
D. Hypothalamus
Correct Answer: C. Medulla oblongata
Explanation: The medulla oblongata controls the rate and depth of respiration.
MCQ 75: What is external respiration?
A. Cellular respiration
B. Breathing in and out
C. Gas exchange between blood and lungs
D. Gas exchange between cells and blood
Correct Answer: C. Gas exchange between blood and lungs
Explanation: External respiration is the exchange of gases between alveoli and pulmonary capillaries.
MCQ 76: What is tidal volume?
A. Maximum inhalation volume
B. Volume after forced expiration
C. Normal breath volume
D. Total lung capacity
Correct Answer: C. Normal breath volume
Explanation: Tidal volume is the amount of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing.
MCQ 77: Which structure connects the larynx to the bronchi?
A. Trachea
B. Alveoli
C. Pharynx
D. Esophagus
Correct Answer: A. Trachea
Explanation: The trachea (windpipe) carries air from the larynx to the bronchi.
MCQ 78: What is the role of hemoglobin in respiration?
A. Transport glucose
B. Fight infection
C. Carry oxygen
D. Remove toxins
Correct Answer: C. Carry oxygen
Explanation: Hemoglobin binds with oxygen in red blood cells and transports it to body tissues.
MCQ 79: Which part of the respiratory system prevents food from entering the airway?
A. Uvula
B. Larynx
C. Epiglottis
D. Pharynx
Correct Answer: C. Epiglottis
Explanation: The epiglottis is a flap that covers the larynx during swallowing.
MCQ 80: Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for producing sound?
A. Bronchi
B. Trachea
C. Larynx
D. Pharynx
Correct Answer: C. Larynx
Explanation: The larynx, or voice box, contains vocal cords that vibrate to produce sound.
MCQ 81: What is the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system?
A. Glial cell
B. Neuron
C. Dendrite
D. Axon
Correct Answer: B. Neuron
Explanation: Neurons are the primary cells that transmit electrical signals throughout the nervous system.
MCQ 82: Which part of the brain is responsible for coordination and balance?
A. Cerebrum
B. Medulla
C. Cerebellum
D. Hypothalamus
Correct Answer: C. Cerebellum
Explanation: The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements and maintains balance and posture.
MCQ 83: What protects the spinal cord?
A. Skull
B. Rib cage
C. Vertebral column
D. Pelvis
Correct Answer: C. Vertebral column
Explanation: The spinal cord is protected by the vertebral column, which encases it in bone.
MCQ 84: What type of cell supports and nourishes neurons?
A. Epithelial cells
B. Glial cells
C. Myocytes
D. Platelets
Correct Answer: B. Glial cells
Explanation: Glial cells provide structural support and nourishment to neurons.
MCQ 85: Which division of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord?
A. Autonomic
B. Somatic
C. Peripheral
D. Central
Correct Answer: D. Central
Explanation: The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord.
MCQ 86: How is a nerve impulse transmitted across a synapse?
A. Through blood
B. Via neurotransmitters
C. By electric wires
D. Through lymph
Correct Answer: B. Via neurotransmitters
Explanation: Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals across the synaptic gap.
MCQ 87: Which gland regulates the entire endocrine system?
A. Adrenal gland
B. Pituitary gland
C. Thyroid gland
D. Pancreas
Correct Answer: B. Pituitary gland
Explanation: The pituitary gland is called the "master gland" because it controls other endocrine glands.
MCQ 88: Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?
A. Adrenaline
B. Insulin
C. Thyroxine
D. Estrogen
Correct Answer: B. Insulin
Explanation: Insulin is secreted by the pancreas and helps lower blood sugar levels.
MCQ 89: What type of gland releases hormones directly into the blood?
A. Endocrine
B. Exocrine
C. Salivary
D. Sebaceous
Correct Answer: A. Endocrine
Explanation: Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream without using ducts.
MCQ 90: Where does spermatogenesis occur?
A. Epididymis
B. Prostate gland
C. Seminal vesicle
D. Testes
Correct Answer: D. Testes
Explanation: Spermatogenesis is the process of sperm production, and it occurs in the testes.
MCQ 91: What is the function of the ovaries in females?
A. Produce insulin
B. Produce eggs and hormones
C. Filter urine
D. Support embryo
Correct Answer: B. Produce eggs and hormones
Explanation: The ovaries release ova (eggs) and secrete female sex hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.
MCQ 92: Which hormone triggers ovulation during the menstrual cycle?
A. FSH
B. LH
C. Estrogen
D. Progesterone
Correct Answer: B. LH
Explanation: Luteinizing hormone (LH) causes the release of a mature egg from the ovary.
MCQ 93: What is the average length of a normal menstrual cycle?
A. 15 days
B. 21 days
C. 28 days
D. 35 days
Correct Answer: C. 28 days
Explanation: A typical menstrual cycle lasts about 28 days, though it can vary from person to person.
MCQ 94: Which hormone is essential for maintaining pregnancy?
A. Testosterone
B. Estrogen
C. Progesterone
D. Oxytocin
Correct Answer: C. Progesterone
Explanation: Progesterone maintains the uterine lining and supports early pregnancy.
MCQ 95: What marks the end of a woman’s reproductive years?
A. Menarche
B. Ovulation
C. Fertilization
D. Menopause
Correct Answer: D. Menopause
Explanation: Menopause marks the cessation of menstrual cycles and the end of fertility.
MCQ 96: What is the main function of testosterone in males?
A. Regulate sugar
B. Increase immunity
C. Develop male secondary sexual characteristics
D. Maintain blood pressure
Correct Answer: C. Develop male secondary sexual characteristics
Explanation: Testosterone is responsible for features like facial hair, deep voice, and muscle development in males.
MCQ 97: Which contraceptive method is hormonal?
A. Condom
B. Copper IUD
C. Birth control pill
D. Diaphragm
Correct Answer: C. Birth control pill
Explanation: Birth control pills contain synthetic hormones to prevent ovulation.
MCQ 98: Which endocrine gland secretes adrenaline?
A. Thyroid
B. Pituitary
C. Adrenal gland
D. Pancreas
Correct Answer: C. Adrenal gland
Explanation: The adrenal medulla secretes adrenaline during stress to prepare the body for 'fight or flight.'
MCQ 99: What is the function of the hypothalamus in hormone regulation?
A. Stores blood
B. Releases oxygen
C. Controls pituitary gland
D. Pumps blood
Correct Answer: C. Controls pituitary gland
Explanation: The hypothalamus links the nervous and endocrine systems and controls the release of pituitary hormones.
MCQ 100: What is oogenesis?
A. Development of male gametes
B. Production of red blood cells
C. Formation of female gametes
D. Release of urine
Correct Answer: C. Formation of female gametes
Explanation: Oogenesis is the process of egg (ovum) formation in the female ovary.
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