Anasarca fetal ultrasound

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Figer-1

📄 Report Sample Line- Anasarca (During First Trimester / NT Screening)
Diffuse subcutaneous soft tissue thickening with generalized skin edema (>5 mm) observed across the fetal body.


Conclussion: 📋 Sonographic features are indicative of fetal anasarca a manifestation of hydrops fetalis
Recommendation: Detailed fetal echocardiography
TORCH screening
MCA Doppler for fetal anemia
Karyotyping (amniocentesis)
Nots:Possible etiologies include cardiac anomalies, chromosomal abnormalities, fetal anemia, infections (e.g., Parvovirus B19), or lymphatic dysplasia. Prognosis depends on the underlying cause and severity.

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Note: Select English to answer in English, या हिंदी चुनें तो प्रश्नों के उत्तर हिंदी में दीजिए।

1. What is fetal anasarca (hydrops fetalis)? 1. फेटल एनासार्का (हाइड्रोस फेटलिस) क्या है?
A. Generalized fetal edema with two or more fluid collections (eg ascites, pleural or pericardial effusion, skin edema)
B. Isolated small cyst in liver
C. Maternal edema only
D. Normal variant

2. Sonographic criteria commonly used to define hydrops include: 2. हाइड्रोस को परिभाषित करने के लिए सामान्यत: किन सोनोग्राफिक मानदण्डों का उपयोग किया जाता है?
A. Presence of fetal ascites, pleural or pericardial effusion, or skin edema — two or more of these suggest hydrops
B. Only increased femur length
C. Maternal hypertension only
D. Single small cyst in placenta

3. Major categories of causes for fetal hydrops (anasarca) are: 3. फेटल हाइड्रोस (एनासार्का) के प्रमुख कारण वर्ग कौन से हैं?
A. Immune (eg Rh isoimmunization) and non-immune causes (eg cardiac anomalies, chromosomal, infections like parvovirus B19, fetal anemia, lymphatic or thoracic abnormalities)
B. Only maternal diet
C. Always due to twin-to-twin transfusion
D. Always due to maternal diabetes

4. Which infection is a well-known infectious cause of non-immune hydrops? 4. कौन सा संक्रमण गैर-इम्यून हाइड्रोस का एक प्रसिद्ध संक्रामक कारण है?
A. Parvovirus B19 (can cause fetal anemia and hydrops)
B. Common cold only
C. Maternal skin infection only
D. Tooth abscess

5. Which Doppler parameter is useful to screen for fetal anemia that may lead to hydrops? 5. किस डॉपलर पैरामीटर का उपयोग फेटल एनीमिया की स्क्रीनिंग के लिए किया जाता है जो हाइड्रोस का कारण बन सकता है?
A. Middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV)
B. Maternal uterine artery only
C. Fetal femur Doppler
D. Maternal pulse oximetry

6. Initial investigations for suspected fetal hydrops should include: 6. संदिग्ध फेटल हाइड्रोस के लिए प्रारंभिक जाँचों में क्या शामिल होना चाहिए?
A. Detailed ultrasound, fetal echocardiography, maternal serology for infection and blood group/antibody screen, MCA-PSV Doppler
B. Maternal EEG only
C. No investigations
D. Immediate neonatal surgery

7. Antenatal management options for treatable causes of hydrops may include: 7. हाइड्रोस के इलाज योग्य कारणों के लिए गर्भकालीन प्रबंधन विकल्पों में क्या शामिल हो सकता है?
A. Intrauterine transfusion for fetal anemia, fetal therapy for cardiac arrhythmia, fetal shunts for pleural/ascitic drainage, or maternal treatment of infection
B. Maternal bed rest only
C. Immediate termination in all cases
D. No antenatal options exist

8. Prognosis in fetal hydrops depends mainly on: 8. फेटल हाइड्रोस में पूर्वानुमान मुख्यतः किस पर निर्भर करता है?
A. Underlying cause, gestational age at diagnosis, severity (presence of hydrops) and response to treatment
B. Maternal height only
C. Fetal eye color only
D. Placental shape only

9. Which of the following is a correct statement about immune hydrops? 9. इम्यून हाइड्रोस के बारे में निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा कथन सही है?
A. It is commonly due to red-cell alloimmunization (eg Rh) and can be prevented or treated with antenatal identification and intrauterine transfusion in some cases
B. It is caused by maternal exercise
C. It never affects the fetus
D. It is always due to chromosomal abnormalities

10. Which sonographic sign indicates severe subcutaneous edema in fetal anasarca? 10. फेटल एनासार्का में गंभीर उपचर्म सूजन का संकेत देने वाला कौन सा सोनोग्राफिक संकेत है?
A. Increased fetal skin thickness (>5 mm) or marked skin folding/edema
B. Reduced femur length only
C. Maternal tachycardia only
D. Placenta calcification only