Colon

1. Introduction 100%

Role of Ultrasound in Large Bowel Evaluation
Indications: Pain, AUB, Diarrhea, Bleeding, Mass
Comparison with CT, MRI, and Endoscopy
Advantages and Limitations of US

2. Colon Anatomy and Landmarks 100%

Cecum, Ascending, Transverse, Descending, Sigmoid Colon
Haustra vs Small Bowel Folds
Layers of Colonic Wall (5-layer pattern)
Relation to Adjacent Organs
Rectosigmoid and Anal Canal (Brief Overview)

3. Scanning Technique 100%

Curvilinear and High-Frequency Linear Probe
Graded Compression Technique
Patient Positioning and Colon Segmental Survey
Color Doppler for Hyperemia
Bowel Wall Measurements and Compressibility

4. Normal Colon Appearance 100%

Wall Thickness ≤ 4 mm (Non-distended)
Haustral Pattern and Normal Peristalsis
Shadowing from Gas and Fecal Material
No Free Fluid or Adjacent Inflammatory Change

5. Colon Disease 100%

1. Inflammatory Conditions

Colitis (Non-specific)
Ulcerative Colitis
Crohn’s Colitis
Pseudomembranous Colitis
Infectious Colitis (Amoebic, Bacterial, Viral)
Ischemic Colitis
Radiation Colitis
Segmental Colitis Associated with Diverticulosis (SCAD)
Eosinophilic Colitis
Collagenous Colitis
Drug-induced Colitis (NSAIDs, Chemotherapy)
Proctitis

2. Obstructive and Motility Disorders

Colonic Ileus
Sigmoid Volvulus
Cecal Volvulus
Colonic Stricture (Benign or Malignant)
Fecal Impaction
Ogilvie Syndrome (Acute Colonic Pseudo-obstruction)
Colonic Inertia (Chronic Motility Disorder)

3. Neoplastic and Mass Lesions

Colorectal Carcinoma
Colon Polyps (Adenomatous, Hyperplastic)
Villous Adenoma
Lymphoma involving Colon
Colonic Lipoma
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) of Colon
Leiomyoma or Leiomyosarcoma
Metastatic Colonic Involvement

4. Diverticular and Pericolonic Disease

Colonic Diverticulosis
Diverticulitis (Acute/Chronic)
Peridiverticular Abscess
Perforated Diverticulum
Fistulizing Diverticular Disease (Colo-vesical, Colo-cutaneous)

5. Structural, Congenital, and Post-Surgical Changes

Redundant Colon
Malrotation with Colonic Involvement
Hirschsprung’s Disease (Neonates)
Post-colectomy Changes
Colonic Anastomotic Site Thickening
Surgical Stoma Evaluation (Colostomy)
Colonic Pouch or Reservoir Assessment

6. Miscellaneous and Rare Conditions

Toxic Megacolon
Pneumatosis Coli
Colonic Intussusception (Colo-colic)
Foreign Body in Colon
Appendiceal Mucocele extending into Colon
Melanosis Coli (indirect signs)
Endometriosis Involving Colon
Hematoma in Colon Wall (trauma/anticoagulation)
Amyloidosis involving Colon
Sarcoidosis with Colonic Manifestation
Tuberculosis of Colon

10. Interventional and Follow-Up Role 0%

Evaluation of Treatment Response in IBD
Post-surgical Monitoring of Anastomosis
Guiding Abscess Drainage near Colon
Detecting Recurrence or Complications

11. Case Studies and Quiz Section 0%

UC vs Crohn's: Segmental vs Continuous Involvement
Diverticulitis Mimicking Tumor
Ischemic vs Infective Colitis
Image-Based Interpretation and Common Pitfalls