Fetal Lymphangiectasia

---

Figure-1

📄 Report Sample Line - Fetal Lymphangiectasia

Ultrasound evaluation demonstrates diffuse subcutaneous soft tissue thickening and multiloculated, anechoic fluid-filled spaces predominantly involving the thoracic, abdominal wall, and lower extremities. These are suggestive of dilated lymphatic channels. There is no evidence of pleural or pericardial effusion or ascites. No structural cardiac or abdominal anomalies identified. Amniotic fluid volume is within normal limits. Fetal biometry is appropriate for gestational age. No signs of hydrops are observed at present. Findings are consistent with congenital lymphangiectasia.

Conclusion: 📋 Findings are suggestive of Fetal Lymphangiectasia

Recommendation: Recommend fetal MRI for further soft tissue and thoracic assessment. Karyotyping or chromosomal microarray advised. Consider infection screening (TORCH), and refer to fetal medicine for genetic counseling and multidisciplinary evaluation. Serial follow-up is essential to monitor for development of hydrops or progression.

---

Note: Select English or Hindi; answer accordingly. / अंग्रेजी या हिंदी चुनें; उसी में उत्तर दें।

1. Fetal lymphangiectasia is best described as: 1. भ्रूणीय लिंफैन्जिएक्टेसिया को सबसे अच्छा कैसे परिभाषित किया जाता है?
A. Congenital dilatation of lymphatic channels leading to cystic or septated fluid collections in the neck, chest or elsewhere
B. Fetal bone overgrowth only
C. Isolated cardiac tumor
D. Placental infarct only

2. Typical antenatal sonographic appearance of lymphangiectasia is: 2. लिंफैन्जिएक्टेसिया का सामान्य प्रसवपूर्व सोनोग्राफिक रूप क्या है?
A. Multiloculated cystic hygroma or septated anechoic spaces in the fetal neck/axilla or cystic mediastinal/pleural collections
B. Solid echogenic mass in the liver only
C. Only polyhydramnios without neck findings
D. Normal neck with increased femur length

3. Fetal lymphangiectasia is frequently associated with which condition? 3. भ्रूणीय लिंफैन्जिएक्टेसिया अक्सर किस स्थिति से जुड़ा होता है?
A. Hydrops fetalis (ascites, pleural/pericardial effusion, skin edema)
B. Isolated maternal rash only
C. Only polycystic kidneys
D. Always normal outcome

4. Common etiologies or associations include all EXCEPT: 4. सामान्य कारण या सम्बन्ध निम्न में से सभी में से हैं, सिवाय:
A. Chromosomal abnormalities (eg Turner syndrome)
B. Primary lymphatic developmental malformation
C. Fetal infection (TORCH) as a common direct cause
D. Lymphatic obstruction from masses or malformations

5. Initial recommended investigations when fetal lymphangiectasia is detected are: 5. भ्रूणीय लिंफैन्जिएक्टेसिया का पता चलने पर प्रारम्भिक अनुशंसित जाँच क्या हैं?
A. Detailed anatomic scan, fetal echocardiography, karyotype/microarray and infection screen (TORCH)
B. Maternal colonoscopy only
C. No tests required
D. Immediate fetal CT scan routinely

6. Prognosis is most closely related to: 6. पूर्वानुमान सबसे अधिक किसके साथ जुड़ा होता है?
A. Presence and severity of hydrops, extent/location of lymphatic disease and associated anomalies
B. Maternal age only
C. Month of discovery only
D. Fetal eye color

7. Prenatal interventions that may be considered include: 7. संभावित प्रसवपूर्व हस्तक्षेप में क्या शामिल हो सकता है?
A. Therapeutic drainage (eg thoracocentesis) or shunt for large compressive collections, in selected centers
B. Routine maternal chemotherapy
C. Immediate fetal surgery in all cases
D. No prenatal imaging follow‑up

8. Which ultrasound feature suggests worse outcome? 8. कौन‑सा अल्ट्रासाउंड लक्षण खराब परिणाम का संकेत देता है?
A. Progressive hydrops with cardiomegaly and large bilateral pleural effusions
B. Small isolated neck cyst that regresses
C. Stable small lymphatic channels without fluid elsewhere
D. Normal fetal growth

9. Key counseling points for parents include: 9. माता‑पिता के लिए प्रमुख परामर्श बिंदुओं में क्या शामिल है?
A. Explain possible associations (chromosomal, infection), variable prognosis depending on hydrops and location, offer genetic testing and plan delivery at tertiary center if needed
B. Assure that no follow‑up is necessary and prognosis is always excellent
C. Recommend immediate termination without investigation in all cases
D. Only maternal diet changes will cure it

10. Postnatal care priorities if pregnancy continues include: 10. यदि गर्भावस्था जारी रहती है तो जन्मोपरांत देखभाल की प्राथमिकताएँ क्या हैं?
A. Neonatal respiratory stabilization, imaging (US/MRI), possible drainage/medical therapy and genetic/ multispecialty follow‑up
B. Discharge home without neonatal assessment
C. Routine vaccination only
D. No neonatal care required