Cystic hygroma

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Figer-1

📄 Report Sample Line- Cystic hygroma (During First Trimester / NT Screening)
Septated fluid-filled cystic structure noted at the posterior fetal neck region during first-trimester NT scan, consistent with cystic hygroma. Lesion appears multiloculated and extends bilaterally.


Conclussion: 📋 Sonographic features are indicative of a cystic hygroma
Recommendation: Recommend prompt referral for genetic counseling and offer diagnostic testing (chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis). Detailed early fetal echocardiography and follow-up anomaly scan are advised.

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Note: Select English to answer in English, या हिंदी चुनें तो प्रश्नों के उत्तर हिंदी में दीजिए।

1. What is a cystic hygroma? 1. सिस्टिक हाइज्रोमा क्या है?
A. A congenital lymphatic malformation presenting as a multiloculated cystic neck mass
B. A solid thyroid tumor
C. A fetal cardiac defect
D. Placental cyst only

2. Common prenatal ultrasound appearance of cystic hygroma is: 2. सिस्टिक हाइज्रोमा का सामान्य गर्भकालीन अल्ट्रासाउंड रूप क्या है?
A. Multiloculated, septated anechoic cystic mass at the fetal neck or posterior cervical region
B. Fetal limb shortening
C. Echogenic bowel only
D. Isolated increased femur length

3. Which chromosomal abnormality is commonly associated with cystic hygroma? 3. सिस्टिक हाइज्रोमा के साथ सबसे अधिक कौन सी क्रोमोसोमल असामान्यता जुड़ी होती है?
A. Turner syndrome (45,X) and also trisomies (eg 21, 18)
B. Only maternal diabetes
C. Fetal clubfoot only
D. None—never associated with chromosomes

4. Which additional fetal finding often coexists with a large cystic hygroma? 4. बड़े सिस्टिक हाइज्रोमा के साथ कौन सी अतिरिक्त भ्रूणीय खोज अक्सर सह-अस्तित्व में होती है?
A. Fetal hydrops (anasarca) due to lymphatic obstruction or cardiac failure
B. Increased maternal weight only
C. Isolated limb polydactyly only
D. Placental abruption only

5. Best prenatal workup when cystic hygroma is detected includes: 5. सिस्टिक हाइज्रोमा का पता चलने पर सर्वश्रेष्ठ गर्भकालीन वर्कअप में क्या शामिल है?
A. Detailed anatomical scan, fetal echocardiography, and offer karyotyping or cell-free DNA testing
B. Immediate delivery without further tests
C. Maternal blood pressure check only
D. No follow-up required

6. Which statement about prognosis is true for isolated small cystic hygroma with normal chromosomes? 6. सामान्य क्रोमोसोम वाले अलग छोटे सिस्टिक हाइज्रोमा के लिए कौन सा कथन सत्य है?
A. Prognosis can be favorable—may regress or be surgically manageable postnatally
B. Always lethal regardless of other findings
C. Guarantees Turner syndrome
D. No possible treatment postnatally

7. Prenatal detection of cystic hygroma in the first trimester often prompts which test? 7. पहले ट्रिमेस्टर में सिस्टिक हाइज्रोमा का गर्भकालीन पता लगाने पर अक्सर कौन सी जाँच की जाती है?
A. Offer karyotype (CVS/amniocentesis) or non-invasive prenatal testing (cfDNA)
B. Maternal glucose tolerance test only
C. Fetal echocardiography only at term
D. No tests ever

8. Which postnatal management may be required for persistent cystic hygroma? 8. लगातार बना रहने वाले सिस्टिक हाइज्रोमा के लिए कौन सा प्रसवोपरांत प्रबंधन आवश्यक हो सकता है?
A. Surgical excision or sclerotherapy, and multidisciplinary care if airway or feeding problems
B. Immediate heart transplant
C. No follow-up ever
D. Only maternal antibiotics

9. Which ultrasound feature suggests high risk of chromosomal abnormality? 9. कौन सा अल्ट्रासाउंड लक्षण क्रोमोसोमल असामान्यता के उच्च जोखिम का संकेत देता है?
A. Large cystic hygroma with septations and concomitant nuchal translucency/structural anomalies or hydrops
B. Small simple cyst only without other findings
C. Increased femur length only
D. Placental calcification only

10. Counseling points for parents when cystic hygroma is diagnosed include: 10. सिस्टिक हाइज्रोमा निदान होने पर माता-पिता के लिए सलाह देने के मुख्य बिंदु क्या हैं?
A. Discuss possible association with chromosomal abnormalities, need for genetic testing, surveillance for hydrops and delivery at a specialized center
B. Advise immediate delivery at home
C. No information should be given until after birth
D. Only discuss maternal diet