Monochorionic placentation

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Figer-1

📄 Report Sample Line- 00
A single placental mass is identified without an intervening dividing membrane reaching the chorionic plate, consistent with monochorionicity. The dividing membrane is thin and T-shaped at the placental insertion. No signs of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), discordant amniotic fluid volumes, or inter-twin growth discordance are noted at present. Both fetuses demonstrate appropriate biometric measurements and normal Doppler parameters


Conclussion: 📋 Monochorionic placentation coresponding to 28 weks.
Recommendation: Close surveillance is advised with serial ultrasound evaluations every 2 weeks due to the increased risk of complications ( TTTS, TAPS, sIUGR).

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Note: Select English to answer in English, या हिंदी चुनें तो प्रश्नों के उत्तर हिंदी में दीजिए।

1. What is the defining feature of monochorionic placentation? 1. मोनोकोरिओनिक प्लेसेंटेशन की परिभाषित विशेषता क्या है?
A. Two separate chorions
B. Single chorion shared by both fetuses
C. Always two separate placentas
D. Presence of a thick inter-twin membrane

2. Which ultrasound sign is most suggestive of monochorionicity? 2. कौन सा अल्ट्रासाउंड संकेत मोनोकोरिओनिसिटी का सबसे अधिक संकेत देता है?
A. T-sign (thin inter-twin membrane insertion)
B. Lambda (twin peak) sign
C. Two separate placentas clearly separated
D. Thick septate membrane (>2 mm)

3. Major vascular complication unique to monochorionic pregnancies: 3. मोनोकोरिओनिक गर्भधारणों के लिए विशिष्ट प्रमुख संवहनी जटिलता कौन-सी है?
A. Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS)
B. Ectopic pregnancy
C. Placenta previa
D. Umbilical cord prolapse always

4. Which Doppler parameter helps screen for twin anemia–polycythemia sequence (TAPS)? 4. ट्विन एनीमिया–पॉलीसाइथेमिया सीक्वेंस (TAPS) के लिए स्क्रिनिंग में कौन सा डॉपलर पैरामीटर मदद करता है?
A. Middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV)
B. Umbilical artery pulsatility index only
C. Maternal heart rate
D. Fetal breathing movements

5. Ideal surveillance frequency for uncomplicated monochorionic twins to detect TTTS early? 5. TTTS का जल्दी पता लगाने के लिए असम्प्रदायिक मोनोकोरिओनिक ट्विन्स के लिए आदर्श निगरानी आवृत्ति क्या है?
A. Every 2 weeks starting ~16 weeks
B. Once at 20 weeks only
C. Monthly starting 12 weeks
D. Daily scans from 14 weeks

6. First-line treatment for severe TTTS (Quintero stage II–IV) is: 6. गंभीर TTTS (क्विन्टेरो स्टेज II–IV) के लिए पहला उपचार क्या है?
A. Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation of placental anastomoses
B. Immediate termination
C. Expectant management only
D. Maternal antibiotics

7. Which finding on color Doppler supports monochorionicity? 7. रंगीन डॉपलर पर कौन सी खोज मोनोकोरिओनिसिटी का समर्थन करती है?
A. Vascular anastomoses across the placental surface
B. Two completely separate placentas with no connections
C. Thick inter-twin membrane
D. Absence of umbilical cords

8. Which condition is more common in monochorionic than dichorionic twins? 8. मोनोकोरिओनिक और डाइकोरिओनिक ट्विन्स की तुलना में कौन-सी स्थिति अधिक सामान्य है?
A. Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS)
B. Independent placental function in each twin
C. Lower risk of selective IUGR
D. Fewer perinatal complications

9. Optimal timing of delivery for uncomplicated monochorionic twins to reduce stillbirth risk is often recommended around: 9. बिना जटिलताओं वाले मोनोकोरिओनिक ट्विन्स के लिए स्ट्रिलबर्थ के जोखिम को कम करने हेतु प्रसव का आदर्श समय आमतौर पर कब अनुशंसित है?
A. 34–36 weeks
B. 40 weeks
C. 28 weeks
D. Post-term beyond 42 weeks

10. Which of the following is NOT true about monochorionic placentation? 10. निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी मोनोकोरिओनिक प्लेसेंटेशन के बारे में सत्य नहीं है?
A. It carries increased risk of TTTS
B. Vascular anastomoses between twins are possible
C. Chorionicity can never be determined on first trimester ultrasound
D. Requires closer surveillance than dichorionic twins